Hypothyroidism in women with spontaneous abortion in the District Hospital of Presidente Franco, Period 2019-2021

Abstract

Introduction: Thyroid pathologies are among the most common endocrinological disorders reported during pregnancy, partly due to the physiological changes that typically occur in the first trimester, which can lead to pregnancy loss.

Objective: determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism in women diagnosed with spontaneous abortion at the Hospital Distrital de Presidente Franco from 2019 to 2021.

Materials and Methods: This observational, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study utilized nonprobabilistic sampling of consecutive cases, examining all women who experienced spontaneous abortion at the Hospital Distrital de Presidente Franco during the years 2019 to 2021. Stata®12.0 statistical software was employed for statistical calculations.

Results: A total of 432 women who had miscarriages were analyzed. During this period, a prevalence of 3.9% was recorded, with most cases being subclinical hypothyroidism (3.4%). Among these, 52.9% of the 20-35 age group were in a common-law union, and 47% had completed primary school. Additionally, 52.9% were from urban areas.

Conclusion: Those pregnancy losses related to hypothyroidism were determined to correspond more frequently in Alto Paraná compared to other regions of our country and internationally. Also, subclinical hypothyroidism was found in young adults, with primary schooling, most of them coming from rural areas.